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Question #24 Difficulty: 1

According to the C++23 standard, what is the output of this program? 

    #include <iostream>
#include <limits>

int main() {
  unsigned int i = std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max();
  std::cout << ++i;
}

Correct!

Unsigned integers have well-defined behaviour when they overflow. When you go one above the largest representable unsigned int, you end up back at zero.

According to §[basic.fundamental]¶2 in the C++ standard:

The range of representable values for the unsigned type is 0 to 2N − 1 (inclusive); arithmetic for the unsigned type is performed modulo 2N.

You can explore this question further on C++ Insights or Compiler Explorer!

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