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Question #114 Difficulty: 1

According to the C++23 standard, what is the output of this program? 

    #include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>

class C {
public:
  void foo()       { std::cout << "A"; }
  void foo() const { std::cout << "B"; }
};

struct S {
  std::vector<C> v;
  std::unique_ptr<C> u;
  C *const p;

  S()
    : v(1)
    , u(new C())
    , p(u.get())
  {}
};

int main() {
  S s;
  const S &r = s;

  s.v[0].foo();
  s.u->foo();
  s.p->foo();

  r.v[0].foo();
  r.u->foo();
  r.p->foo();
}

Hint:

How does constness of an object affect members?
Is the object that a const pointer points to also const?
What is the constness of an object returned by a const vector::operator[]?

Answer:

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